English (Compulsory) For Class IX - Unit 2 - Role Model - Text Book Exercise 2.1 - 2.3

 

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Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai

TEXT BOOK EXERCISE:

UNIT 2.1 READING COMPREHENSION

While Reading
Exercise 1:
a) How many aspects of Shah Abdul Latif's life have been covered in the text?
Ans: There are seven aspects of Shah Abdul Latif's life have been covered in the text.

b) List all these aspects in your notebook as shown below.
Ans: Following are the aspects of Shah Abdul Latif's life:

1. The first aspect is about his Background and Family.
2. The second aspect is about his name Bhitai.
3. The third aspect is about his early life and education.
4. The fourth aspect is about his youth.
5. The fifth aspect is about his spiritual growth.
6. The sixth aspect is about his death and remembrance.
7. The seventh aspect is about Shah Latif's poetry.

Vocabulary
Exercise 2:
The words given in bold below have been taken from the text. Look up these words in the text and underline them.
Next, do the following exercise. Underline the correct answers from the choices provided. The first one has been done as an example.
1. Those who have an abundance of wealth have
(a) little wealth
(b) a lot of wealth
(c) some wealth

2. My family's ancestral roots are in Sindh, means my parents, grandparents and great grandparents have lived in Sindh since
(a) my grandparents got married
(b) my birth
(c) many generations

3. The new academic year commences in our school in April.
(a) ends
(b) progresses
(c) begins

4. The devotees of some saints walk to shrines barefoot.
(a) children
(b) followers
(c) caretakers

5. Many people go to a mystic to ask for the fulfillment of their wishes.
(a) person who lives alone
(b) new person
(c) person with spiritual power

6. The sailors of Sindh used to travel to far off lands as they had good navigation skills.
(a) ship directing
(b) engineering
(c) swimming

7. For centuries, the main medium for transfer of information was oral traditions.
(a) horses
(b) passing of information by word of mouth
(c) messages

8. My brother is a restless person, always looking for new things to do.
(a) genius
(b) different
(c) change seeking

9. Truly great persons deserve reverence as they play a positive role in our lives.
(a) richness and wealth
(b) leadership positions
(c) respect and admiration

10. Islam's message of peace is universal, as without it there can be no happiness.
(a) good
(b) applicable to all the people in the world
(c) acceptable

Exercise 3:
Work in pairs and complete the sentences below with a word written in bold in Exercise 2.
You can use one word only once. Write the complete sentences in your notebook.
1. The devotees of Shah Bhitai celebrate his Urs every year.
2. My mother and I decided to go to a mystics to ask him to pray for my father's health.
3. It is a universal fact that no living thing can survive without oxygen.
4. Much of what we know about our culture has been passed on to us through oral traditions.
5. We may have different ancestral roots but we are all the off springs of Adam.
6. Fasting commences on the first day of Ramadan.
7. Pakistan has everything in abundance but we need strong policies to make good use of everything that we have.
8. Nelson Mandela won his people's reverence for his long struggle for the rights of people in South Asia.
9. The art of restless requires hard work and one needs to practise a lot to write beautifully.
10. The Pakistan Navy has very good navigation skills.


Exercise 4:
The reading text has seven aspects that relate to Shah Latif.
The following sentences state one key point covered under each aspect. However, these sentences are in a jumbled up order. Read the text and write the aspect number in the blanks provided. The last one has been done for you as an example.
a) He found pleasure in praying, thinking and devotion. 5
b) He was married for a short period of time only. 4
c) Shah Latif's forefather migrated to Sindh from Afghanistan. 1
d) A shrine was built over his grave sometime after his death. 6
e) His poetry is mainly about Sindh but off places are also mentioned. 7
f) He loved studying and had a command over other languages. 3
g) He is called Bhitai because he spent a good past of his life on a mound. 2


Exercise 5:
Read the text and find the following information. Write down these things in your notebook. After you have completed, discuss your answers with your partner.
1. Two things done at the time of `Urs', as mentioned in the text.
Ans: Two things done at the time of `Urs' are:

1. Thousands of people gather and listen to the saint's songs sung on the Tambooro'.
2. Many learned men read papers that tell about Latif's life and his poetry.

2. Two possible reasons why his ancestors migrated to Sindh.
Ans: Reason due to which Shah Latif's ancestors migrated to Sindh.

1. The Shah's father, Syed Habib Shah, migrated from Matyaru, his ancestral home in Afghanistan, to Bhainpur in Sindh, in order to gain spiritual contact with Bilawal, a local pious man.
2. His ancestors migrated to Sindh from Hirai Sindh was then a centre of Muslim culture and Shah Lath's ancestors liked it so much that they decided to make it their home.

3. Two other languages that he knew quite well.
Ans: Two other languages that Shah Latif knew quite well:

1. Arabic
2. Persian

4. Two main religious sources that he had knowledge about.
Ans: Two main religious sources that Shah Latif had knowledge about

1. Holy Quran
2. Hadith

5. Two poets whose works were a part of his collection.
Ans: Two poets whose works were a part of Shah Latif's collection.

1. Moulana Jalaluddin Rumi
2. Shah Karim

6. Two skills for which he is known.
Ans: Two skills for which Shah Latif is known

1. Poet
2. Sufi Saint

7. Two places in Afghanistan mentioned in his poetry.
Ans: Two places in Afghanistan mentioned in his poetry.

1. Kabul
2. Kandahar

8. Two places in India mentioned in his poetry.
Ans: Two places in India mentioned in his poetry are:

1. Delhi
2. Deccan

9. Two languages mentioned in which the Risalo' has been translated.
Ans: Two languages in which the Risalo' has been translated.

1. English
2. Urdu

Exercise 6:
a) How was information about Shah Latif's early life collected. Why was it collected in this manner?
Ans: Information about the life of Bhitai has mostly been collected from oral traditions. Because at that time the information of history or the past people were passed by words of mouth from one generation to next. So a renowned Pakistani scholar, educationist, and writer of plays, dramas and stories, Mirza Kalich Beg, is said to have collected details about the early life of Shah Bhitai from some of the old people living at that time. These people had heard these facts from their fathers and grandfathers, some of whom had seen Shah Latif in person and had even spoken to him.

b) Why is Shah Latif called the 'Saint of Bhit'?
Ans: In 1742, Shah Latif left his home and went to live on a mound at some distance from his village, A mound of sand is called 'Bhit' in Sindh, Due to the fact that he lived on this mound for the rest of his life, Shah Latif came to be known as 'Saint of Bhit.' To this day, he is famous all over the country as Shah Abdul Lath Bhitai or Shah Latif of the Mound.

c) Why did Shah Latif not marry again after his wife died?
Ans: In 1713 the Sufi poet married with Bibi Saidha Begum. His wife died at an early age, before she could have any children. However, Shah never married again. Because after the death of his wife, his heart turned more and more towards religion and devotion and he felt restless; and he found it difficult to live a normal domestic life.

d) Why did people become Shah Latif's followers?
Ans: Latif's love of God grew more and more, to the extent that he found pleasure only in devotion. As a result, he spent most of his time in prayers and deep thinking. His spiritual power grew stronger with prayers and devotion so much, so that people began to be attracted towards him. Anyone who came to see him was strongly impressed by his gentle ways and became his devotees. In this way his followers increased day by day.

e) What does Shah Latif's poetry and work tell us about his knowledge and skills?
Ans: Shah Abdul Latif was a sensitive, gentle and kind soul. He was a Sufi in the true sense of the word. Besides its simplicity, one great quality of Latif's poetry is its moving music. The word 'latif' literally means fine, delicate, tender, elegant, and light. This meaning is truly reflected in both his poetry and his personality. His poetic nature loved the calm atomsphere and are spiritual and mystic. Moreover, he was a poet of the people, so he wrote in the language of the common man.

f) Name the places in the text mentioned in Shah Latif's poetry. Why do you think these places have been mentioned by him?
Ans: In his poems he writes mainly about Sindh and its neighbouring regions. However, he also mentions distant cities, such as Istanbul (Turkey) and Samarqand(Uzbekistan), China, Rome, Kabul and Kandahar (Afghanistan), Delhi and Deccan (India). He mentioned these places because he talks about Sindhi sailors (Samundi), their navigation techniques, and their voyages as far as the Malabar coast, Sri Lanka and the island of Java and all above places.

g) Why is Shah Latif's key message in his verses acceptable to everyone?
Ans: His spiritual and mystic poetry carries a message of love, which makes it universal and acceptable to the entire human race. Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai is, and always will be, remembered for his great poetry with love and reverence.

h) Can we put his message into practice in today's world. If 'Yes' how, if `No' why not?
Ans: Yes, we put Latif's message into practice in today's world because his message is the message of love. He believed in brotherhood and equality of men and in pleasing God by good deeds. This according to him is the goal of life.

Exercise 7:
Work in groups of six and prepare questions for conducting an interview of scholars who have studied Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai, his life and his poetry.
Next, prepare a role play in which one member of the group becomes an anchor person while the remaining members become scholars in a TV talk show.

UNIT 2.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING

Focus: Asking and answering questions of a social nature.
Exercise 1:
Work in groups of six. First, read the following questions silently. Write down the questions and note down their answers in your notebook. Here are some key words/ phrases that you can use while asking questions. Use the actual names of the students instead of the names used here.

1. What are some of the harmful things that people eat, drink or smoke?
Ans: 1. Shahina, what do you think, what are some of the harmful things that people eat, drink or smoke?
Shahina: There are some harmful things that people eat, drink or smoke are:
a) Junk or fast food like fried and grilled food and fries potato chips, Sugary foods such as pastries cookies and cakes, Spicy meals etc
b) Similarly Preserve juices and sweet drinks, soda and energizing drinks as well as sugary drinks etc.
c) Tobacco usage like Cigarette, Cigar and Sheesha etc.
are all harmful things for people.

2. How does the use of these harmful things affect their physical health?
Ans: 2. Farah, in your opinion, how does the use of these harmful things affect their physical health?
Farah: We know that excess of anything in meal can affect our physical health.
Fried and junk food are a poor quality of our die. Excess of oil may cause obesity and heart diseases, while too much sugary salty and spisy food have higher risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, strokes, cancer, etc
Sugary drinks may also cause weight gain/obesity, diabetes, heart, kidney and liver diseases, tooth decay and cavities etc.
The primary risks of tobacco usage include many forms of cancer in different organs especially Lungs, different disease may also caused by tobacco usage like heart and kidney failure etc.

3. How does their use affect their relationships with their friends and other people?
Ans: 3. Gulnar, according to you, how does their use affect their relationships with their friends and other people?
Gulnar: Use of such harmful things may affect one's social life as those people have health issue, they always seem lazy and tired and can not enjoy with their friends and relatives.
Similarly smokers have the smell of smoke on their clothes and on their breath. Plus, social smoking means the people you're with are exposed to secondhand smoke and pollute surrounding environment.

4. How does their use affect their family life?
Ans: 4. Tahira, what do you say, how does their use affect their family life?
Tahira: Junk food, unbalanced diet and smoking, all may cause health issues. And smoking is the most dangerous and addicting habit. The life of such people become complicated. Such habits can build pressure on a person to create an emotionally stressful and unhealthy environment for their family members also. These people not only waste money but their personality and health both are damaged as well. These people also can not enjoy and participate in family activities.

5. How does the cost of these things affect a person's life style?
Ans: 5. Mahira, can you tell me, how does the cost of these things affect a person's life style?
Mahira: Yes, the cost of these things affect a person's life style. As he spends much money on his trifle addicting eating and smoking habits, than he can not save money. He will not even have much money for his basic needs of life. He also do not want to bring improvement in life style because he is used to spend money on his eating, drinking or smoking habits.

UNIT 2.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Using Modals for Ability
The modal verbs are can, could, may, might, shall, should, will and would.
Modals are used for different language functions; like talking about ability, asking permission, making requests, giving suggestions, etc. Here, we will learn about using the modals can, could, may for ability and permission.

Ability
CAN:
We use can to talk about someone's skill or general abilities at a given time in the present or future:
He can swim like a fish.
They can't speak Punjabi very well.
You can get good marks in the exams.

COULD:
We use could to talk about past time:
She could speak several languages.
They couldn't write very well.

Exercise 1:
Fill in the blanks with the positive or negative form of suitable modal verbs: can/ could.
a) I couldn't swim when I was a child but I can swim now.
b) My brother could not run fast when he was five years old but he can run fast now.
c) They could come early but they couldn't find a bus earlier.
d) Nowadays, Sana can speak English fluently but she could not speak so well a year ago.
e) Sameer could speak several languages when he was young but now he can speak only English fluently.
f) Little Shahzain can crawl but he still can not walk.
g) Sara can embroider and stitch clothes but her sister can not.
h) We can play after completing our homework but we can't play before that.

Exercise 2
Write about your abilities/ inabilities in the following blanks.
You should share what you were/were not able to do when you were younger, what you can do now and what you will be able to do when you grow up.
You may use sentences like:
When I was younger/ When I was nine years old.

• I could ride a bicycle when I was five years old.
• But, I couldn't ride a bicycle when I was five years old.

• Now. I can ride a bicycle.
• However. I can't drive a car.

• When I grow up, I can become a famous doctor.

Now ask two of your class mates what they could/ couldn't do when they were younger. what they can/ can't do now and what they think they can do in the future.
Follow the same pattern as you did for yourself and write their responses in your notebook.
Ask your classmate:
"What could you do when you were seven years old?"
Ans: Ahmed: I could swim when I was seven years old.
Zehra: I could fried egg when I was seven years old.

"What couldn't you do when you were in class six?
Ans: Shazaib: I couldn't speak English fluently when I was in class six.
Zehra: I couldn't write sindhi very well when I was in class six.

"What can you do now?"
Ans: Farhan: Now, I can make building models.
Madiha: Now, I can bake birthday cakes.

"What can't you do now?"
Ans: Kamran: Now, I can't swim
Hania: Now, I can't stitch clothes.

"What can you do in the future?"
Ans: Babar: I can become a famous Journalist.
Sara: I can become a famous interior designer.

Permission

We also use can to ask for permission to do something:

• Can I borrow your pencil, please?
• Can we go home now?

The use of could is more formal and polite than can:

• Could I borrow your pencil, please?
• Could we go home now?

Another more formal and polite way of asking for permission is with the use of may.

• May I borrow your pencil, please?
• May we go home now?

We use can to give permission:

• You can go home now if you like.
• You can borrow my pencil if you like.

We can also use may as a more formal and polite way of giving permission:

• You may go home now, if you like.

Exercise 3:
Work in groups of six; three of you should complete Dialogue A given below, while three should complete Dialogue B. Add at least 10 lines in both the dialogue. You can change the names or add more names.

Dialogue A:
Using can/ could for ability
Zahra: Can you speak Chinese, Najma?
Najma: No, but I can speak Persian.
Zahra: Wow! What about you Farah?
Farah: I can't speak Chinese or Persian, but I can speak English and Arabic fluently.
Najma: Can you? It means you can understand the Quran Majeed.
Farah: Yes, I can by the grace of Allah.
Zara: I could speak Arabic a little bit but now it's rusty.
Najma: 1 wish I could understand the Quran Majeed in its language.
Farah: You can learn Arabic if you want to.
Najma: Can I? Isn't it too late?
Farah: It's never too late. You can do whatever you want and whenever you want.
Zara: If Najma can learn, I can too.
Farah: Of course, you can do that. Everyone can do that whoever wants to understand the Quran Majeed.

OR

Note: Below are more dialogues for practice
Ahmed: Could you play Basket ball, Babar?
Babar: Yes, I could play basket ball very well.
Ahmed: Great, What about you, Junaid?
Junaid: No, I couldn't play basket ball.

Nabila: Can you make Pizza dough, Hiba?
Hiba: No, I can not make pizza dough.
Nabila: Could you make Pizza without using oven, Sehrish?
Sehrish: Yes, I could make Pizza without using oven.

Dialogue B:
Using can/ could/ may for permission
Areeb: I have completed my work. Can I play now?
Mother: Yes, you can, but come back soon.
Areeb: May I take my new bat with me?
Mother: Yes, you can if you like.
Bilal: Mama, Could I go with brother Areeb?
Mother: No, you can't go. You will annoy him.
Bilal: No, I won't. Let me go.
Mother: No, you will stay at home.
Areeb: Mamma, May I put on this shirt?
Mother:Yes, you can. Can you bring some sweats and biscuits for Bilal?
Areeb: Of course, I can.
Mother: What would you like Bilal?
Bilal: May I have chocolate cake and chips?
Mother: Yes, son. You can have them.
Areeb: Could I go now?
Mother: Yes, son. You can.

OR

Note: Below are more dialogues for practice
Areeb: May I take my new bicycle for riding?
Mother: Yes, you may, but don't ride too fast.
Bilal: Could I make myself a cup of coffee, Mother?
Mother: Yes, You can, but don't add much sugar into it.

Zohaib: Can I open my birthday presents now?
Father: Yes, you can, but open it one by one.

Haris: My Mobile charger is run out, Could I use your phone charger?
Jamil: Sure, you can use it.

Ahsaan: May I borrow your car, tonight?
Ahmed: No, you may not.

Suffixes

We sometimes add a pair or group of alphabets at the end of a word to add something to the meaning of a word. These are called suffixes. We can use suffixes to make many new words, including nouns.
Examples:

• agree + ment = agreement
• postpone + ment = postponement
• willing + ness = willingness
• frank + ness = frankness
• arrive + al = arrival
• profession + al = professional

Exercise 4:
A. Fill the blanks in the following exercise with nouns formed by using the suffix `ment' with the appropriate given words. One has been done as an example.
employ treat manage pay retire judge
1. As soon as the judgement, was given, the reporters left the court room.
2. Zaman is back to work after his treatment.
3. The workers receive their weekly payment every Friday.
4. My son is looking for employment as he lost his job last week.
5. After his retirement at the age of sixty he has decided to write a book.
6. The management of the school announced their new admission policy yesterday.

B_ Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the suffix 'ness' with the appropriate given words.
ill bold neat kind soft
1. Her illness has made her weak.
2. I love the softness of our new sofa set.
3. Our neighbour's son, who is a soldier, fought the enemy with boldness.
4. The principal of our school treats everyone with kindness.
5. My mother taught neatness us in all our work.

C. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the suffix 'al' with the appropriate given words.
sign survive approve propose remove
1. The survival of the green turtle is in danger on the Karachi beaches.
2. Our proposal for setting up a dispensary was accepted by the minister.
3. The removal of garbage is the responsibility of the government.
4. The train moved out of the station as soon as the guard gave the signal.
5. I needed my parents' approval for going to friend's wedding.